Wildfire & heat impacts: France and Spain face unprecedented wildfires and mass evacuations, with climate-driven heat worsening health risks and smoke crossing borders. Climate finance & risk: The AfDB warns a “super” El Niño could cost Africa $10–$20 billion and trigger mass migration, while FAO flags severe drought risk for Botswana. Nature-based solutions: Indonesia’s environment minister is pushing mangrove rehabilitation as a green-growth lever via international carbon markets, citing high carbon absorption potential. Water & energy conservation: Qatar reports progress under its Tarsheed programme to cut water and electricity use through smart tech and public behavior change. UNESCO & heritage: Azerbaijan backs capacity-building for Small Island Developing States to prepare UNESCO nominations, while Fujairah’s Wadi Wurayah is newly inscribed on the World Heritage List. Pollution debate: A new look at biodegradable bags questions whether they truly reduce microplastics harm. US policy & ecosystems: New York’s DEC unveils a five-year Hudson River Estuary plan with renewed environmental justice focus. Public health: Pakistan reports a sharp drop in polio-positive environmental samples to 13.1%, citing strengthened surveillance and vaccination. Local climate education: Nigeria’s GRENCHI Green Schools exhibition spotlights student-built climate solutions from solar to water-saving tech.